The new HiLumi Model MQXFS5 out of the New Vertical Cryostat at the SM18

Vertical cryostats

We have five vertical cryostats, one of them (Cluster D) in a pit below ground, with a dedicated 30 kA and two dedicated 2 kA power converters, and the other four (Siegtal, Diode, HFM and Long) in another location, sharing a 20 kA, a 10 kA and two 600 A power converters. The main characteristics of the five cryostats are given in the table below. Information about services and systems in the test area can be found here.

CryostatCluster DSiegtalDiodeHFMLong
Useful diameter [m]0.850.750.451.450.55
Useful depth [m]5.341.251.302.243.35
Operation Temperature [K]1.9, 4.51.9, 4.54.5 — 801.9, 4.5
4.5 — 80
1.9, 4.5
Main power converter30 kA with dump (max 1 kV)20 kA with dump (max 1 kV)
Auxiliary power converter2 x 2kA with dump (max 1 kV)2 x 600 A with dump (max 500 V)
10 kA with dump (max 500 V)

Cluster D

Cluster D is the deepest cryostat we have, at 5.34 m of useful depth. It is the only test station with a 30 kA power converter available. We have two inserts for Cluster D, one of which can be equipped with anticryostats, and is expected to be fully commissioned by mid 2026. The main drawings for this test station are listed below:

Siegtal

Siegtal is one of the smallest cryostats we have. It is typically used for small LHC correctors (MCBY, MCBC, MSCB…), for HL-LHC high order correctors (MC_XF), and for several R&D magnets. The main drawings for this test station are listed below:

Diode/CTV

The Diode cryostat was originally designed for test of LHC diode stacks and current leads. By using a satellite cryostat that can provide helium gas at variable temperatures, the Diode cryostat can also test HTS magnets at variable temperatures, in the CTV (Cryostat à Température Variable) configuration. The main drawings for this test station are listed below:

HFM

The HFM cryostat is the widest we have, at close to 1.5 m in diameter. It was originally designed to test the Fresca2 magnet, and the Feather2 as an insert to the Fresca2 magnet. In 2023-2024 a modification was done to the cryogenic infrastructure between Diode and HFM, to allow Diode’s satellite cryostat to feed helium gas at variable temperature in HFM. As of October 2025, a new insert is under design to be able to test magnets cooled with forced flow helium in a vacuum environment. The main drawings for this test station are listed below:

Long

The Long cryostat was the longest cryostat we have until the commissioning of Cluster D. In this cryostat, we tested all the LHC main quadrupole magnets in stand-alone configuration and several of the Nb3Sn 11 T short models, among others. The main drawings for this test station are listed below: